Biodiversity Conservation Projects

Biodiversity is the guarantee of life on earth. It provides rich and diversified essentials for human life and work, a safe and sound eco-environment, and a beautiful world. Biodiversity conservation is key to China's efforts to build an eco-civilization, and it is also an international priority.

China boasts a rich biodiversity which it treasures. It has made biodiversity conservation a key part of building an eco-civilization, and subscribes to the philosophy that mountains, rivers, forests, farmlands, lakes and grasslands are a community of life. China has simultaneously progressed development and protection, stepped up work on relevant legislation, drawn red lines for ecological conservation, launched major biodiversity conservation projects, and conducted biodiversity surveys, monitoring and assessment. It has reinforced wildlife protection, and stepped up the introduction of a system of protected areas with national parks as the mainstay and supplemented by nature reserves and various nature parks. As a result, public awareness of and participation in conservation of biodiversity have both expanded.

China has made biodiversity conservation a national strategy, and included it in the medium- and long-term development plans of all geographical regions and functional areas. It has also improved relevant policies and legal provisions. These include the release of the Overall Plan to Reform the System for Developing an Eco-civilization, the China National Biodiversity Conservation Strategy and Action Plan (2011-2030), the Guidelines on Improving Biodiversity Conservation, and the plan for events under the framework of the "UN Decade on Biodiversity, China in Action." It has enacted the Biosecurity Law and revised the Law on Animal Epidemic Prevention. These are the top-level design of spatial management, protection, utilization and compensation, and provide an institutional guarantee for biodiversity conservation and management.

Thanks to a constant effort, China has made substantial progress in biodiversity conservation. Between 2009 and 2019, the country topped the world in the increase of forest areas, with more than 70 million hectares of land afforested. It made lasting, large-scale efforts to combat sandification and desertification, and effectively protected and restored areas of wetland. It built the world's largest banks of genetic resource reserves. About 90 percent of its vegetation types and terrestrial ecosystems, 65 percent of its higher plant communities, and 85 percent of its wild animal species on the national key list were placed under effective protection.

Many news stories about China's wildlife protection have caught public attention: the northward migration of a herd of wild Asian elephants in Yunnan Province, the giant panda being downgraded from "endangered" to "vulnerable" on the list of protected animals, the frequent appearance of dolphins in the Yangtze River and snow leopards in the Sanjiangyuan National Park (source of the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang rivers), and the increase in the population of Tibetan antelopes on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau from 70,000 to 300,000.

China advocates that "the solutions lie in nature," so humanity should look for development opportunities while protecting nature, and undertake eco-environmental conservation alongside high-quality development.

As one of the earliest countries to join the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD), China has fulfilled its obligations under all relevant treaties. It was among the first countries to set up a national committee for biodiversity conservation, and had met in advance relevant goals set for building nature reserves by 2020.

China hosted the 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP15) in October 2021. The participants discussed new strategies for global biodiversity governance to build a shared future for all life on earth.

生物多樣性保護工程

生物多樣性是地球生命共同體的血脈和根基，為人類提供了豐富多樣的生產生活必需品、健康安全的生態環境和獨特別致的景觀文化。加強生物多樣性保護，是中國生態文明建設的重要內容，也是國際社會的廣泛共識。

作為世界上生物多樣性最豐富的國家之一，中國高度重視生物多樣性保護，將其作為生態文明建設的重要內容進行系統部署，走出了一條中國特色生物多樣性保護之路。中國按照山水林田湖草是生命共同體理念，堅持在發展中保護、在保護中發展，加快立法步伐，劃定生態保護紅線，實施生物多樣性保護重大工程，推進生物多樣性調查、監測、評估，扎實做好野生動植物資源保護，推動建立以國家公園為主體、自然保護區為基礎、各類自然公園為補充的自然保護地管理體系，不斷提高生物多樣性保護的社會參與度和公眾意識，形成了政府主導、全民參與，多邊治理、合作共贏的機制，推動中國生物多樣性保護不斷取得新成效，為應對全球生物多樣性挑戰作出新貢獻。

中國將生物多樣性保護上升為國家戰略，把生物多樣性保護納入各地區、各領域中長期規劃，不斷建立健全生物多樣性保護政策法規體系，發布實施《生態文明體制改革總體方案》《中國生物多樣性保護戰略與行動計劃（2011—2030年）》《關于進一步加強生物多樣性保護的意見》和“聯合國生物多樣性十年中國行動方案”等政策文件，頒布施行《中華人民共和國生物安全法》和新修訂的《中華人民共和國動物防疫法》等法律法規，從空間管控、保護與利用、保護與補償等方面強化頂層設計，為生物多樣性保護和管理提供制度保障。

經過不懈努力，中國生物多樣性保護工作取得積極進展：森林資源在過去10年內增長面積超過7000萬公頃，居全球首位。長時間、大規模治理沙化、荒漠化，有效保護修復濕地，生物遺傳資源收集保藏量位居世界前列。90%的植被類型和陸地生態系統、65%的高等植物群落、85%的重點保護野生動物種群得到有效保護。云南野象“旅游團”北巡，大熊貓受威脅程度等級從“瀕危”降為“易危”，“微笑天使”長江江豚頻繁亮相，三江源國家公園等地的雪豹頻繁現身，青藏高原藏羚羊種群數量從7萬頭增加到30萬頭等暖心消息頻頻登上熱搜。

中國主張以自然之道，養萬物之生，從保護自然中尋找發展機遇，實現生態環境保護和經濟高質量發展雙贏。作為最早加入聯合國《生物多樣性公約》的國家之一，中國切實履行相關條約義務，在國際上率先成立了生物多樣性保護國家委員會，并提前完成2020年設立自然保護區相關目標。中國于2021年承辦《生物多樣性公約》第十五次締約方大會，同各方共商全球生物多樣性治理新戰略，共建地球生命共同體。